Which of the following practices can contribute to less pesticide runoff into waterways?

Properly planning pesticide application and maintaining buffer zones is crucial in minimizing pesticide runoff into waterways. This practice involves strategic scheduling of pesticide applications to avoid times when rain is likely, as well as creating physical barriers, such as vegetated areas, that can absorb or filter runoff before it reaches bodies of water. Buffer zones act as protective filters between pesticide-treated areas and sensitive ecological zones, significantly reducing the volume and concentration of pesticides that can enter aquatic systems.

The other practices listed do not contribute positively to reducing pesticide runoff. For instance, using highly soluble fertilizers can lead to increased nutrient runoff, while mixing pesticides with soil can pose risks if not done carefully, potentially leading to groundwater contamination. Applying pesticides during heavy rainfall increases the likelihood of runoff, as the water can carry the chemicals more easily into waterways, exacerbating environmental contamination. Therefore, careful planning and the establishment of buffer zones are key elements in responsible pest management practices aimed at protecting water quality.