Which of the following characteristics are favorable for the persistence of a soil applied herbicide?

The persistence of a soil-applied herbicide is influenced significantly by the soil's microbial action and the rate at which the pesticide decomposes. In this context, a scenario with low soil microbial action and slow pesticide decomposition is favorable for the persistence of the herbicide because it allows the chemical to remain active in the soil for a longer period.

When microbial action is low, there are fewer organisms to break down the herbicide, which means the herbicide can remain effective longer, controlling unwanted plants. Moreover, a slower decomposition rate further ensures that the active ingredients of the herbicide persist in the environment, allowing it to maintain its efficacy over time.

In contrast, high microbial action and rapid decomposition, as described in one of the other choices, would lead to the herbicide breaking down quickly, reducing its effectiveness. Similarly, high moisture content can enhance degradation rates and quick degradation will lead to a shorter period of herbicide activity. Low pH levels and increased solubility could affect the mobility of certain herbicides but do not directly correlate to increased persistence in the context of this question. Thus, the conditions that favor lower microbial activity and slower breakdown are optimal for maintaining herbicide effectiveness in the soil.