What term describes an undesirable effect or injury to plants caused by herbicide?

The term that accurately describes an undesirable effect or injury to plants caused by herbicide is phytotoxicity. Phytotoxicity refers to the toxic effects that certain chemicals, such as herbicides, have on plants, leading to symptoms such as stunted growth, leaf burn, or even death of the plant. When a herbicide is applied improperly or at the wrong time, or when a sensitive plant species is exposed, this toxicity can manifest, resulting in visible damage to the plant structure and function.

Translocation refers to the movement of chemicals within the plant, specifically how a herbicide might move from the point of application to other parts of the plant. Inhibition generally refers to the prevention of specific biological processes, such as growth or metabolism, but does not directly indicate damage. Systemic action pertains to how herbicides are absorbed and transported within the plant, influencing their efficacy rather than specifically addressing the unwanted effects on plant health. Understanding phytotoxicity is critical for effective pest management and ensuring the safety of non-target plants during herbicide application.