Groundwater contamination from the leaching of pesticides is less likely to occur with which of the following soil types?

Soils with low permeability are characterized by their ability to retain water and the substances dissolved in it, including pesticides. This means that when pesticides are applied to the surface, they are less likely to move down through the soil profile and reach the groundwater. The fine particles in low-permeability soils, such as clay, create a barrier that slows down the movement of water, thus reducing the leaching potential of chemicals.

In contrast, soils with high permeability allow water (and the pesticides within it) to pass through more freely, increasing the likelihood of these substances reaching groundwater. Soils with medium permeability are also more susceptible to leaching than low-permeability soils. While high organic content can improve soil structure and water retention, the key factor that minimizes leaching and prevents groundwater contamination is the low permeability of the soil. This characteristic is essential in managing pesticide application and mitigating environmental risks.